Blessing or Burden: The Elderly and Household Welfare in Ghana

The role of the elderly in Ghanaian households is complex — they can be both a source of support and a financial burden. Elderly members often contribute through caregiving and income support, but in resource-poor households, their presence can increase financial strain. This study explores how elderly household members affect welfare outcomes, situating aging within the broader discourse on intergenerational support. The broader challenge is that Ghana’s aging population is growing, raising questions about social protection and household welfare. Without adequate policies, households may struggle to balance the contributions and costs of elderly members. This research highlights the dual nature of elderly presence in shaping welfare outcomes.

Household survey data was analyzed to measure the impact of elderly presence on welfare indicators such as income, expenditure, and child outcomes. Econometric models controlled for household wealth, size, and demographics to isolate the effects of elderly members. Qualitative interviews provided narratives of elderly contributions and burdens, capturing the diversity of experiences across households. Comparative analysis was conducted between wealthy and resource-poor households. This dual approach ensured findings were both statistically rigorous and contextually grounded.