Impact Assessment of Striga-Resistant Maize Varieties and Fertilizer Use

Striga, a parasitic weed, is one of the most devastating constraints on maize production in Ghana and across Africa. It attaches to maize roots, siphoning nutrients and drastically reducing yields. Traditional control methods have proven ineffective, leaving farmers vulnerable to crop failure and food insecurity. The introduction of Striga-resistant maize varieties offers a promising solution, but adoption rates remain limited. This study evaluates the impact of resistant varieties and fertilizer use on productivity and household welfare. The broader context is one of urgent need for innovations that can break the cycle of low productivity and poverty. Striga infestation disproportionately affects smallholder farmers, who often lack resources to invest in inputs. Fertilizer use, when combined with resistant varieties, has the potential to transform outcomes. However, evidence is needed to demonstrate the benefits and guide policy. This research situates Striga control within the wider agenda of food security and rural development.

Field trials were conducted in Striga-prone areas to measure yield differences between resistant and traditional varieties. Household surveys captured adoption rates, input use, and welfare outcomes such as income and food security. Econometric models were applied to assess the impact of adoption on productivity and welfare indicators. The study also examined barriers to adoption, including seed availability, cost, and farmer awareness. Extension services were evaluated for their role in promoting resistant varieties. By combining agronomic trials with socioeconomic analysis, the research provided a comprehensive assessment of both technical and social dimensions. This dual approach ensured that findings were relevant for both scientists and policymakers.